Dec 01, 2016 · Cutting heat is a fundamental physical phenomenon in machining and causes high temperature in local cutting zone, which results in many serious problems, including excessive tool wear, shortened tool life, and low machining accuracy.1, 2, 3 End milling, which plays a critical role in manufacturing, has been extensively employed to finishing-cut parts of planar or curved shapes, as well as in rough machining. During an end milling process, enormous heat is produced because of the severe ...